(Kovar kuya ku-Alumina IngxenyeKhiqiza ngeWintrustek)

I. Uhlolojikelele lwe-Kovar

I-Kovar iyingxubevange yokunweba esekwe ku-iron-nickel-cobalt isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuthi i-coefficient yokwandisa okushisayo ifanelana nezinye izingilazi eziqinile nezitsha zobumba (njenge-alumina) kulo lonke ibanga elithile lokushisa. Lesi sici sikwenza kube into ebalulekile yokuvala ekufakweni kwe-elekthronikhi, i-aerospace, ama-lasers, nezinye izimboni. Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukwenza izingxenye zensimbi zokuvalwa kwe-hermetic ngengilazi noma izitsha zobumba.

Igama elithi "4J" lama-alloys anembile ngaphansi kwezinga likazwelonke lase-China (GB) limelela ama-alloys anezici zokunweba "ezisondelayo" (J) inani elithile.

II. Ukuhlaziywa Okuningiliziwe KwamaBanga Amathathu e-Kovar

Okujwayelekile: Zontathu zisekelwe ku-Fe-Ni-Co futhi zinezici zokunweba ezifana nengilazi eqinile nezitsha zobumba. Amajika okunwebeka okushisayo, amazinga okushisa e-Curie, nezici zokusebenza ziyahlukahluka ngenxa yoshintsho oluncane lokuqamba.

1. 4J29 (the most classic and widely used Kovar)

Ukwakhiwa Okujwayelekile:I-Fe-29Ni-17Co, enezengezo ezincane zama-elementi e-deoxidizing njenge-manganese ne-silicon.

Izimpawu Zokunweba: Isilinganiso somugqa wokunweba i-coefficient ifaniswe kakhulu nengilazi yeqembu le-DM-308 molybdenum kanye no-92-96% wezitsha zobumba ze-alumina kulo lonke ibanga elingu-20-450°C.

Amapharamitha angukhiye:

• Izinga lokushisa le-Curie: Cishe li-430°C (lilahlekelwa izici ze-ferromagnetic ngaphezu kwaleli zinga lokushisa).

• Izinto Ezihambisanayo: I-alumina ceramics ephezulu, izibuko zeqembu le-molybdenum.

• Ukwelapha Okungaphezulu: Ngokujwayelekile kudinga i-nickel noma i-golden plating ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugqama kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.

• Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko: Amashubhu e-Microwave, ama-laser, izindlu zesekethe ezihlanganisiwe, ama-relay athembeke kakhulu, izixhumi ezivaliwe ze-aerospace.

2. 4J33 kanye ne-4J34 (I-Kovar Ethuthukisiwe)

Lawa ma-alloys ayizinhlobonhlobo ezithuthukiswe ukubhekana nokushiyeka kwe-4J29 (njengama-coefficients akhuphukile wezinga lokushisa eliphansi), afaka amazinga okushisa aphezulu e-Curie.

Umehluko Wokuqamba:

• 4J33: Fe-33Ni-14Co (reduced cobalt, increased nickel).

• 4J34: Fe-31Ni-15Co (composition intermediate between the two).

Izimpawu Zokunweba:Ezingeni lokushisa legumbi ukuya cishe ku-300°C, i-coefficient yokunweba ingaphansi kancane kuno-4J29, enikeza ukuhambisana okungcono nezingilazi ezithile ezikhethekile noma izitsha zobumba.

Inzuzo Eyinhloko—Izinga Lokushisa Le-Curie Eliphezulu:

• 4J29: ~430°C

• 4J33: ~500°C

• 4J34: ~480°C

Ukubaluleka:Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme le-Curie liqinisekisa ukuthi okokusebenza kuhlala kungezona uzibuthe emazingeni okushisa aphakeme okusebenza, kuvimbele ukuphazamiseka kazibuthe ngezisetshenziswa ze-high-frequency, ezinemba okuphezulu.

Ukukhethwa kohlelo lokusebenza: Kufanele izindawo ezisezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ezizwelayo kazibuthe, noma kukhethwe ngokusekelwe ekuhlolweni okuhambisana nejika lokunwetshwa ngezinto ezithile zokuvala.

III. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko ze-Brazing Kovar nge-Alumina Ceramics

Ukuvalwa kwe-hermetic okuqinile kwe-Kovar nezitsha zobumba ze-alumina nge-brazing kuwubuchwepheshe obubalulekile emaphaketheni esimanje kagesi, onezinzuzo eziyinhloko ezilandelayo:

1. Ukufanisa Okukhethekile Kokunweba Okushisayo (Inzuzo Eyisisekelo)

Lapho kupholisa kusuka ekushicileleni kuya kuzinga lokushisa legumbi, amazinga afanayo okufinyela azo zombili izinto anciphisa kakhulu ukucindezeleka okushisayo okusele kujoyinti. Lokhu kuqeda ngempumelelo ukuqhekeka kwe-ceramic kanye ne-brazing seam fractures, okuholela ekuthembekeni okuphezulu.

2. Ukuthola Ukuqina Kwegesi Ephakeme

Amazinga okuvuza kwe-Helium ezinhlelweni ezivuthiwe ngokuvamile awela ngaphansi kuka-1×10⁻⁸ Pa·m³/s wezingxenye ezivaliwe, ahlukanise ngempumelelo umswakama wangaphandle nomoya-mpilo. Lokhu kuhlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zokuthembeka ze-aerospace, amasosha, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidingeka kakhulu.

3. Amandla Kagesi Aphakeme Nobuqotho Besakhiwo

Kovar prI-ovides ukusekelwa okuqinile kwemishini nokuqina, kuyilapho izitsha zobumba ze-alumina zinikeza ukwahlukanisa nobulukhuni okuhle kakhulu. I-brazing yalezi zinto ziholela esakhiweni esiyinhlanganisela esinezici zombili ezivikelayo nezisebenzayo.

4. Izinqubo Ezikhulile Nokwethembeka Okuphezulu

Kwakhiwe uchungechunge lwezinqubo olungaguquki, oluhlanganisa i-ceramic metallization (isu le-molybdenum-manganese), i-nickel plating, ukuhlanganisa izingxenye ze-Kovar, kanye nokubhula kwe-vacuum/ukuvikela indawo ezungezile. Inqubo iyalawuleka kakhulu, ilungele ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi, futhi ikhiqiza isivuno esiphezulu ngekhwalithi engaguquki.

IV. Ukuqhathaniswa Okufingqiwe Nezincomo Zokukhetha

Ⅴ. Isiphetho

Phakathi komndeni wakwa-Kovar, i-4J29 iyinto evamile futhi enconywayo yokubhula izitsha zobumba ze-alumina ephezulu, ehlinzeka ngokulingana okuhle kokusebenza, izindleko, nokwethembeka. I-4J33/34 iwukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwezinhlelo ezithile zokusebenza ezidinga amazinga okushisa aphezulu okusebenza noma izici eziqinile ezingezona uzibuthe.Ukugqanyiswa kwe-Kovar ngezitsha zobumba ze-alumina, okusekelwa ukufanisa kwabo kokunwetshwa okushisayo, isibe indinganiso yemboni yokupakishwa kwe-hermetic yezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezithembeke kakhulu neze-optoelectronic.