Yayin da Si3N4 ya haɗu da kyakkyawan yanayin zafi da aikin injiniya. Za'a iya ƙayyadadden ƙayyadaddun yanayin zafi a 90 W/mK, kuma ƙarfin karyewar sa shine mafi girma a cikin yumbu idan aka kwatanta. Waɗannan halayen suna ba da shawarar cewa Si3N4 zai nuna mafi girman abin dogaro azaman ƙarfe mai ƙarfe.

Boron nitride yumbura suna da ƙarfi na ban mamaki da aikin zafi wanda ke da tsayin daka, yana mai da su kyakkyawan zaɓi don yin nozzles waɗanda ake amfani da su wajen sarrafa narkakken ƙarfe.

Boron Carbide (B4C) yumbu ne mai dorewa wanda ya ƙunshi Boron da carbon. Boron Carbide yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka sani mafi wahala, matsayi na uku a bayan kubic Boron nitride da lu'u-lu'u. Abu ne mai haɗaka da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin aikace-aikace daban-daban masu mahimmanci, gami da sulke na tanki, riguna masu hana harsashi, da foda mai lalata injin. A gaskiya ma, shine kayan da aka fi so don aikace-aikacen masana'antu iri-iri

High thermal conductivity da low coefficient na thermal fadadawa. Wannan haɗin kaddarorin yana ba da juriya na zafin zafi na musamman, yana sa yumburan Silicon Carbide ke da amfani a cikin masana'antu da yawa. Hakanan semiconductor ne kuma kayan lantarkinsa sun sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da yawa. Hakanan an san shi da matsanancin taurinsa da juriya na lalata.

Aluminum nitride yana da babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki (170 W / mk, 200 W / mk, da 230 W / mk) da kuma babban ƙarfin juriya da ƙarfin dielectric.

Girgizar zafin jiki akai-akai shine babban dalilin gazawa a aikace-aikacen zafin jiki mai zafi. Ya ƙunshi abubuwa uku: faɗaɗa thermal, thermal conductivity, da ƙarfi. Canje-canjen zafin jiki mai sauri, sama da ƙasa, yana haifar da bambance-bambancen zafin jiki a cikin ɓangaren, kama da fashewar da aka yi ta hanyar shafa cube ɗin kankara a kan gilashin zafi. Saboda bambance-bambancen fadadawa da raguwa, motsi

Masana'antar kera motoci tana ci gaba da haɓakawa ta hanyar amfani da tukwane na fasaha na ci gaba don samar da sauye-sauye masu haɓaka aiki a duka hanyoyin samar da su da takamaiman abubuwan sabbin motocin zamani.

Bearings da bawuloli biyu ne daga cikin aikace-aikacen gama gari na silicon nitride yumbura kwallaye. Samar da ƙwallan nitride na silicon yana amfani da tsari wanda ya haɗu da matsi na isostatic tare da matsewar iskar gas. Kayan albarkatun don wannan tsari sune siliki nitride lafiya foda da kuma kayan aikin sintering kamar aluminum oxide da yttrium oxide.

Akwai nau'ikan yumbu iri-iri da ake samu a yau, gami da alumina, zirconia, beryllia, silicon nitride, boron nitride, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, boron carbide, da ƙari mai yawa. Kowane ɗayan waɗannan tukwane na ci-gaba yana da nasa saitin halaye na ayyuka da fa'idodi. Don saduwa da ƙalubalen da aka gabatar ta hanyar aikace-aikacen da ke tasowa koyaushe, sababbin kayan sun ƙunshi

Zirconia tana da ƙarfi sosai saboda sigar kristal na musamman na tetragonal, wanda galibi ana haɗe shi da Yttria. Ƙananan hatsi na Zirconia suna ba da damar masu ƙirƙira su yi ƙananan bayanai da gefuna masu kaifi waɗanda za su iya tsayayya da rashin amfani.